Rosin resin
N'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwekwara mmeghachi omume carboxyl dị ka esterification, ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè, nhazi nnu, decarboxylation, na aminolysis.
Nhazigharị nke abụọ nke rosin dabere na njirimara nke rosin nwere njikọ abụọ na otu carboxyl, na rosin na-agbanwe ka ọ mepụta usoro rosin gbanwere, nke na-eme ka uru rosin dị mma.
A na-eji resin rosin mee ihe na ụlọ ọrụ ntanye iji mee ka viscosity dịkwuo elu, gbanwee nrapado, ihe jikọrọ ọnụ, wdg.
Rosin resin bụ tricyclic diterpenoid compound, nwetara na monoclinic flaky crystals na aqueous ethanol. Ebe mgbaze bụ 172 ~ 175 Celsius C, na ntụgharị anya bụ 102 ° (ethanol anhydrous). A na-esighi ike na mmiri, soluble na ethanol, benzene, chloroform, ether, acetone, carbon disulfide na itughari ngwọta sodium hydroxide aqueous.
Ọ bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke rosin resin eke. A na-eji esters nke rosin acid (dị ka methyl esters, vinyl alcohol esters, na glycerides) mee ihe na agba na varnishes, kamakwa n'ime ncha, plastik, na resins.
Ọ bụ polyol ester nke rosin acid. Polyols ndị a na-ejikarị bụ glycerol na pentaerythritol. Ihe polyol
Ebe dị nro nke pentaerythritol rosin ester dị elu karịa nke glycerol rosin ester, na ịrụ ọrụ ihicha, ike siri ike, mmiri na-eguzogide mmiri na ihe ndị ọzọ nke varnish dị mma karịa nke varnish mere glycerol rosin ester.
Ọ bụrụ na a na-eji ester kwekọrọ na rosin polymerized ma ọ bụ rosin rosin mee ihe dị ka ihe eji eme ihe, a na-ebelata ọchịchọ nke ngbanwe, na ihe ndị ọzọ na-emeziwanye ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ. Ebe dị nro nke rosin ester polymerized dị elu karịa nke rosin ester, ebe ebe nro rosin ester hydrogenated dị ala.
A na-anụcha esters rosin site na resins rosin. A na-eme resin rosin site na esterification nke rosin. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, rosin glyceride bụ rosin site na esterification nke glycerol.
Akụkụ bụ isi nke resin rosin bụ resin acid, nke bụ ngwakọta nke isomers nwere usoro molekụla C19H29 COOH; rosin ester na-ezo aka na ngwaahịa a nwetara mgbe esterification nke rosin resin, n'ihi na ọ bụ ihe dị iche, n'ihi ya, ọ gaghị ekwe omume ikwu onye ọ bụ. nnukwu.
A ka na-eji usoro njikọ ọdịnala mara nke Rosin-gbanwetụrụ phenolic. Usoro otu nzọụkwụ bụ ịgwakọta phenol, aldehyde na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ na rosin wee meghachi omume ozugbo.
Ụdị usoro ahụ dị mfe, ma ihe nchịkwa chọrọ dịka ikpo ọkụ na-esote dị elu; usoro nke abụọ bụ iji synthesize phenolic condensate etiti n'ihu, wee meghachi omume na usoro rosin.
Oge mmeghachi omume nke ọ bụla na-emecha mepụta resin nwere uru acid dị ala, ebe dị nro dị elu, yana ịdị arọ molekụla atụnyere na ụfọdụ solubility na ihe mgbaze mmanụ ịnweta.
1. Usoro otu nzọụkwụ ụkpụrụ omume:
â Njikọ nke resole phenolic resin: Alkylphenol na-agbakwunye na rosin a wụrụ awụ, na paraformaldehyde dị na sistemụ ahụ n'ụdị granular, wee ghọọ monomer formaldehyde, nke na-enweta mmeghachi omume polycondensation na alkylphenol.
â¡ Nhazi nke methine quinone: akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na okpomọkụ dị elu, na usoro ikpo ọkụ, ọrụ nke methylol na sistemụ na-abawanye ngwa ngwa, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ n'ime molecule methylol na-apụta, na mmeghachi omume etherification condensation n'etiti mkpụrụ ndụ methylol na-eme, na-etolite. Ụdị condensates phenolic dị iche iche nwere ogo dị iche iche nke polymerization dị.
⢠Mgbakwunye rosin na methine quinone na maleic anhydride: Tinye maleic anhydride na 180 Celsius, jiri njikọ na-adịghị mma nke maleic anhydride na njikọ abụọ dị na rosin acid ka ịgbakwunye, ma tinye methine quinone na rosin n'otu oge. Acid ahụ na-enwetakwa mmeghachi omume mgbakwunye Diels-Alder iji mepụta ogige chromofuran anhydride nke nwoke.
⣠Esterification nke polyol: ịdị adị nke ọtụtụ ndị otu carboxyl na sistemụ ga-emebi nguzozi nke sistemu ahụ wee bute enweghị ntụkwasị obi nke resin.
Ya mere, anyị na-agbakwunye polyols ma jiri mmeghachi omume esterification n'etiti ìgwè hydroxyl nke polyols na otu carboxyl dị na usoro iji belata uru acid nke usoro ahụ. N'otu oge ahụ, site na esterification nke polyols, a na-emepụta polymers dị elu kwesịrị ekwesị maka inks obibi akwụkwọ.
2. Usoro nzọụkwụ abụọ ụkpụrụ omume:
â N'okpuru ọrụ nke ihe mkpali pụrụ iche, formaldehyde na-etolite ụdị oligomer phenolic resole nwere nnukwu methylol na-arụ ọrụ na ngwọta nke alkylphenol. Ebe ọ bụ na sistemu ahụ enweghị mmetụta mgbochi nke rosin acid, enwere ike ijikọ condensates nwere ihe karịrị 5 phenolic structural units.
â¡ Polyol na rosin na-esterified na elu okpomọkụ, na n'okpuru omume nke isi ihe na-akpata, a chọrọ acid uru nwere ike ruru ngwa ngwa.
⢠N'ime rosin polyol ester nke emeghachitere, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ gbakwunye resin synthesized resole phenolic dropwise, jikwaa ọnụego mgbakwunye na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, wee mechaa mgbakwunye na-adaba. Mmiri mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na okpomọkụ dị elu, na n'ikpeazụ, a na-emepụta resin a chọrọ.
Uru nke usoro otu nzọụkwụ bụ na a na-ewepụ ihe mkpofu n'ụdị uzuoku, nke dị mfe iji chebe gburugburu ebe obibi. Otú ọ dị, mmeghachi omume condensation phenolic nke na-eme na rosin a wụrụ awụ na-enwekarị mmeghachi omume dị iche iche n'ihi nnukwu mmeghachi omume okpomọkụ na mgbasa na-enweghị isi.
Ndozigharị ahụ siri ike ịchịkwa, ọ dịghịkwa mfe ịnweta ngwaahịa resin kwụsiri ike. Uru nke usoro ụzọ abụọ ahụ bụ na enwere ike nweta oligomer phenolic condensation nke nwere usoro kwụsiri ike na ihe mejupụtara ya, ọkwa mmeghachi omume ọ bụla dị mfe iji nyochaa, na àgwà ngwaahịa ahụ kwụsiri ike.
Ihe ọghọm dị na ya bụ na a ga-ewepụrịrị acid phenolic pulp condensate ọdịnala ma were nnukwu mmiri sachaa ya iji wepụ nnu tupu ya enwee ike meghachi omume na rosin, na-ebute oke mmiri mkpofu nwere phenol, nke na-akpata nnukwu mmebi. gburugburu ebe obibi ma na-ewe oge dị ukwuu.
Ajụjụ banyere ihe ziri ezi na ihe na-ezighị ezi nke otu nzọụkwụ na usoro abụọ bụ ogologo oge nke ndị na-emepụta ink na-elekwasị anya. Ma n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, site na mmepe nke ọma nke usoro adịghị asachapụ maka ịmepụta condensate phenolic, a na-akwalite nhazi nke usoro nhazi nke abụọ.
